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研究发现老年COVID-19幸存者面临更高的阿尔茨海默病风险_我的网站

A |     来自凯斯西储大学医学院的Pamela Davis是这项新研究的共同作者，他解释说：“人们对阿尔茨海默病的发展因素知之甚少，但有两点被认为很重要，那就是先前的感染，特别是病毒感染，以及炎症。

B | 由于感染SARS-CoV-2与包括炎症在内的中枢神经系统异常有关，我们想测试一下，即使在短期内，COVID是否会导致诊断的增加。”该研究分析了6245282名65岁以上美国人的健康记录。在15个月的时间里，这些受试者中有40多万人记录了COVID-19的感染。    A former Oregon Department of Corrections employee who worked as a nurse at Oregon’s only women’s prison has been sentenced to 30 years in federal prison for sexually assaulting nine inmates while on the job.The man, 39-year-old Tony Daniel Klein of Clackamas County, Oregon, worked as a nurse from 2010 until January 2018 at the Coffee Creek Correctional Facility in Wilsonville, Oregon, when he abused his position of power and access to female inmates to engage in “nonconsensual sexual conduct with many female inmates entrusted to his care,” according to court documents per a statement released from the U.S. Attorney’s Office, District of Oregon.“In his position, Klein interacted with female inmates who either sought medical treatment or worked as orderlies in the prison’s medical unit, aided by his access to the women and his position of power as a corrections employee,” officials said.Klein, who was often alone with his victims, would “manufacture reasons to get them alone in secluded areas such as medical rooms, janitor’s closets, or behind privacy curtains,” the U.S. Attorney’s Office said in their statement regarding the case. “Klein made it clear to his victims that he was in a position of power over them, and they would not be believed if they tried reporting his abuse. Fearing punishment if they fought back against or reported his conduct, most of Klein’s victims submitted to his unwanted advances or endured his assaults.”A federal grand jury in Portland returned an indictment on March 8, 2022, charging Klein with multiple civil rights crimes. On July 25, 2023, a federal jury in Portland found Klein “guilty of 17 counts of depriving his victims of their constitutional right not to be subjected to cruel and unusual punishment by sexual assault and four counts of perjury.”Klein was ultimately sentenced to 360 months in federal prison and five years’ supervised release for his crimes on Tuesday.“Today’s sentence sends a clear message that using a position of authority to prey on individuals in custody will never be tolerated by the Department of Justice. Holding Tony Klein accountable for his crimes would not have been possible without the courage and resolve of the women he abused and the dedication of our partners at the FBI and Civil Rights Division,” said Natalie Wight, U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon.Assistant Attorney General Kristen Clarke of the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division echoed Wight’s sentiments.“The sentence in this case should send a significant message to any official working inside jails and prisons across our country, including those who provide medical care, that they will be held accountable when they sexually assault women inmates in their custody,” said Clarke. “Women detained inside jails and prisons should be able to turn to medical providers for care and not subjected to exploitation by those bent on abusing their power and position. We will listen to and investigate credible allegations put forward by people who are sexually assaulted and, where appropriate, bring federal prosecutions. The Justice Department stands ready to hold accountable those who abuse their authority by sexual assaulting people in their custody and under their care.”The case against Klein was investigated by the FBI Portland Field Office and was prosecuted by Gavin W. Bruce, Assistant U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon, and Cameron A. Bell, Trial Attorney for the Civil Rights Division’s Criminal Section.“We know this prison sentence cannot undo the trauma Tony Klein inflicted on numerous victims, but we hope this brings them one step closer to healing,” said Kieran L. Ramsey, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI Portland Field Office. “As a state prison nurse, Klein abused his position and abused multiple women, violating the public’s trust, while doing everything he could to avoid being caught. The investigators and prosecutors should be applauded for their efforts to hold Klein accountable, but we recognize this lengthy sentence is also because of a group of brave women who came forward and helped ensure that Klein was held accountable for being a sexual predator within Coffee Creek Correctional Facility.”。在接下来的360天里，与未被感染的人相比，这些COVID的幸存者被诊断为阿尔茨海默病的可能性增加了69%。

C | 女性和85岁以上的人患阿尔茨海默病的风险增加幅度最大。尽管这种阿尔茨海默病风险的增加听起来令人震惊，但重要的是要把它放在一个更广泛的背景下。研究人员明确指出，在COVID-19之后，65岁以上人群的总体阿尔茨海默病风险仅从0.35%增加到0.68%。因此，虽然这在技术上意味着一个人在感染COVID之后的一年中被诊断为阿尔茨海默病的风险增加了一倍，但这也意味着65岁以上的人仍然只面临非常低的绝对患病风险。此外，研究人员谨慎地指出，目前还不清楚这种病毒是否引发了阿尔茨海默病的新发展，或者只是加速了先前存在的神经变性的进展。考虑到阿尔茨海默病是一种在症状出现之前缓慢发展数年，甚至数十年的疾病，这些新的阿尔茨海默病病例不太可能完全由新冠病毒引起。

D | 尽管如此， Davis确实强调，即使是疾病进展的加速也可能在不久的将来导致一波阿尔茨海默病病例。

E | 而且这还是在我们了解COVID-19可能带来的长期神经系统影响之前。Davis补充说：“如果这种新诊断的阿尔茨海默病的增加能够持续下去，那么目前没有治愈的疾病的患者浪潮将是巨大的，并可能进一步使我们的长期护理资源紧张。阿尔茨海默病是一种严重的、具有挑战性的疾病，我们认为通过减少一般的风险因素，如高血压、心脏病、肥胖和久坐的生活方式，我们已经扭转了这种疾病的一些趋势。现在，美国有这么多人感染了COVID，而COVID的长期后果仍在显现。继续监测这种疾病对未来残疾的影响是很重要的。”之前的研究已经在病毒感染和神经退行性疾病之间建立了一个相对有力的联系。而且研究人员自该大流行病开始以来一直在警告，我们可能会在未来十年内看到帕金森和阿尔茨海默病的病例激增。在今年早些时候发布了另一项研究，将COVID-19与神经系统疾病的风险增加联系起来之后，英国阿尔茨海默病研究中心的Sara Imarsio明确强调，现在了解这种大流行病的长期影响还为时尚早。而这些初步研究只能强调病毒感染可能会加速那些已经易感的人的疾病发展。“像阿尔茨海默病这样的疾病在大脑中发展了很多年，而COVID-19自2020年初才出现在欧洲，”今年早些时候，Imarsio解释说。

F | “可能是处于阿尔茨海默病非常早期阶段的人更容易染上像COVID-19这样的疾病。

G | 虽然这些发现的宣布可能令人担忧，但我们需要在同行评议的出版物中看到这项研究的结果，然后才能从这项研究中得出任何真正的结论。”这项新研究发表在《阿尔茨海默病杂志》上。

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Published on:08:16:12